Image Credit: Officer Bimblebury under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license
When did we as a society start criminalizing landlords?
Like so many other creeping, insidious changes in our society, it didn’t happen overnight. An early example took place in Kentucky, when a 69-year-old landlord was charged criminally because he leased to illegal immigrants.
Then states started charging landlords as criminals when their properties burned down. Not for arson, mind you – but because the smoke detectors malfunctioned. A Portland landlord was convicted and sentenced with jail time when his property burned to the ground.
Tenant Crimes, Landlord Liability
In some states, if the landlord does not report a tenant’s crime, the landlord is liable.
You find the perfect tenant. It is a nice quiet woman with a cat perhaps; excellent credit, employment and rental history. Then she gets a boyfriend! Wedding bells and hearts, right?
Except the boyfriend is a drug dealer. Unbeknownst to you as the landlord, he has moved in and using the premises for his illicit business. If you stumble on any clues, and fail to report the tenant, you might just find yourself charged as an accomplice or with obstruction of justice.
And even if you don’t know about the crimes, landlord can face fines for criminal activity that stems from their property.
Criminals: A “Protected Class” in Fair Housing?
Well, this is confusing. The landlord can be held responsible for renters’ illegal activities yet, HUD has forbidden landlords from “discriminating” based on renters’ criminal records.
Plus, Fair Housing Lawsuits are on the rise, including cases against landlords who use criminal history to make a rental decision. Are you confused yet? Are dog owners with dangerous dogs next on the list of protected classes?
Don’t laugh just yet.
Tenants’ Dogs a Landlord’s Responsibility Too
As a landlord, you may be responsible for your tenant’s pet. Did you know there is a list of “blacklisted breeds” used by insurance companies? Here is the list:
- Pit Bull Terriers
- Staffordshire Terriers
- Rottweilers
- German Shepherds
- Presa Canarios
- Chows Chows
- Doberman Pinschers
- Akitas
- Wolf-hybrids
- Mastiffs
- Cane Corsos
- Great Danes
- Alaskan Malamutes
- Siberian Huskies
We have nothing against any of those dogs. But you still shouldn’t accept tenants who have one, for insurance and liability reasons.
Baltimore City, one of the worst cities to purchase rental properties, passed a law making landlords liable if their tenant’s pit bull attacks someone. Why? Because the City of Baltimore was too cowardly to outlaw pit bulls directly, so by making landlords the “bad guy” who don’t allow pit bulls, they can still reduce the number of pit bulls while neatly avoiding accusations of “hating dogs.”
In a Massachusetts lawsuit, the young son of one tenant who was injured badly by another tenant’s pit bull, and the boy’s father named the landlord as one of the parties in the lawsuit. This case bounced around through different courts, including an appellate court. The appellate court did not feel that there was enough evidence as whether the landlord “knew or reasonably should have known” that the dog was dangerous. It was bounced back to a lower court so a jury could make determination.
Even if the landlord wins, the legal costs alone and wasted time for that landlord could sink him. And the kicker? That landlord did not permit pets. It was an unauthorized dog that a renter had snuck in!
Tip: Inspect your rental properties twice/year, and drive by occasionally without notice. If you see a dog, don’t just call the tenant, send a written notice. This one needs a paper trail!
Everyone Loves to Sue Landlords
Lawsuits and landlords go together like peanut butter and jelly nowadays. I have heard the term “deep pockets” from many a bottom-feeding attorney. Here’s an ugly story from my own past.
Snowstorms are tough on everyone, but no one more so than property managers. Not only do you have to cajole, beg and bribe your staff to come out at all hours to clear walkways, de-ice and the like, but you also need to arrange a snow removal contractor and somehow convince him to come to you before the 13,593 other people blowing up his phone.
To the tenant ambulance chaser, a snowstorm is pay dirt. One of my tenants filed a slip-and-fall lawsuit during one. Fortunately we had insurance, and when we filed a claim, the insurance company’s investigators discovered that the very spot our tenant “slipped” had a car parked over it during the time she alleged.
Case closed!
But we got lucky that we could prove it was a bogus claim. What are the odds? How many other bogus lawsuits against landlords go through every year? Too many.
Forced to Keep a Tenant?
Portland, Oregon approved a bill forcing landlords to pay for some tenants to move. Fallen off your chair yet?
Here is the short version. If you haven’t raised rents in a while and need to catch up with market rates, be careful. If you raise rents by more than 10%, guess who’s footing the bill if your tenant moves?
The landlord, by some contortion of logic. It doesn’t matter if you are facing increased costs, higher property taxes, higher insurance rates, or are charging 25% under the market rent and need to catch up.
And that moving bill is suspiciously expensive, too. Portland allows renters to bill their landlord anywhere from $2,900 to $4,500. What happened to a U-Haul and some able-bodied movers?
If the Portland law passes, it could very well become precedent for other towns, cities and perhaps even states to adopt.
(article continues below)
Look Ma! No Evictions
Evictions were banned starting with the CARES Act (Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security) on March 27th, 2020, making lease agreements one-way enforceable through early August 2021 when the Supreme Court struck down the continued eviction moratorium as unconstitutional. Initially this was for 120 days and only applicable to properties that were insured, guaranteed, supplemented, protected, or assisted in any way by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the rural housing voucher program, or the Violence Against Women Act of 1994.
No worry or concerns how a landlord will be affected. Especially those mom-and-pop landlords who depended upon that rent to pay for the mortgage, repairs and other expenses.
Some cities and states went so far as making it a criminal offense for landlords to try and evict a tenant during the moratorium!
Not My Fault
Just when we thought it could not get worse for a landlord, on September 4th, 2020, the CDC (Centers of Disease Control) decides to place its nose right where it did not belong. And the birth of a federal ban on evictions took place. Tenants were living rent-free. Landlord’s were stressed out. With June 30th, 2021 when real estate investors saw a light at the end of this tunnel. The tunnel was extended. Even amongst the political drama and valid points brought about by many that the CDC did not belong in real estate, the moratorium was extended and extended again. Perhaps, the National Association of Realtors should decide on large health issues? More and more, tenants, many of them professional tenants, worked the system and lived rent-free. Meanwhile, landlords were struggling as the tenant had no accountability.
The Slow Death of Accountability
When I owned a bar, there was a heavy legal burden on the owner to protect the VIP’s (Very Intoxicated Persons) in my state of Pennsylvania. Imagine Drew Drunk drives from bar to bar to bar, and ends the night at my place. After serving him one drink, I noticed that he was severely intoxicated and cut him off.
Well, Drew Drunk became very angry! Before I could call him a cab, he stomps out of the bar and into his car. Then he promptly wraps his car around a pole. When the police find him with a high blood alcohol level, what do you think they ask Drew first? The last place he had a drink, of course.
And the responsibility falls on the bar owner for the patrons drinking themselves to oblivion.
Is “accountability” an extinct notion, like “chivalry” and “affordable tuition”?
The trend toward criminalizing landlords and making them liable for renters’ crimes would indicate yes. So what’s a landlord to do?
First, learn and understand your local and state rentals laws! Of course, make sure that you aggressively screen all rental applicants. Check them out on social media. The nice quiet cat-lady who appeared before you and looks wonderful on paper can cause a pause when you see her whooping it up in every single picture on her Instagram account.
Get involved! Go to the local apartment association meetings. When you see these dangerous bills criminalizing landlords, speak up. Sign petitions.
This is your business! Don’t let the politicians and talking heads make you a criminal.
What liability do you think landlords should have? How does landlord liability compare to other businesses? Will other states follow Florida’s example? Bring on the controversy!
I can’t stand this trend of just heaping all the liability on the landlord. Completely unfair. In no other industry do we demonize the providers of a legitimate service. Liberalism at its worst, and that’s coming from someone who considers herself liberal on many issues.
This makes me sick. Landlords provide a necessary service! If people hate landlords so much, why don’t we just force everyone to live in public housing projects, and see how much people love having the government as our landlord? Or we could outlaw landlords entirely, and just force everyone to become homeowners. Would everyone like that instead?
Yeah it’s pretty awful. Landlords are just too easy of a target politically. No real lobby or organization behind them to defend their industry.
I too hate being compared to the few bad apples. True, there are some “slumlords” but most of us are hardworking and good investors who take care of our renters and our properties. It is exasperating! These laws actually create “slumlords”!
Brian,
I think landlords are slightly to blame for this trend. We do not fight back as a group. We have not banded together to form our own lobby group. Sounds crazy, but it works for many other industries. Heck the most powerful group out there is NAR.
Jason
Tenants are becoming smarter these days… Landlords should always be on top of the game to avoid being outsmarted. It shouldn’t suppose that way but we always have to be on guard on this perilous time. I’m learning your stuff! Thanks man.
It’s always a sad story when tenants gone rogue.
Indeed JJ!
I’m new to landlording. Good thing I dropped by here to know how to avoid wearing orange! lol
I’m still in shock of the new laws that force landlords to keep tenants. I even saw news about tenants acquiring properties and landlords can’t do anything about it.
I hear you Philip!